Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Hirundinidae > Tachycineta > Tachycineta thalassinaTachycineta thalassina (Violet-green Swallow)Language: Spanish The violet-green swallow (Tachycineta thalassina) is a small North American passerine bird in the swallow family. These aerial insectivores are distributed along the west coast from Alaska to Mexico, extending as far east as Montana and Texas. With an appearance very similar to the tree swallow, these individuals can be identified by the white rump side-patches that appear to separate their green back and purple tail. Violet-green swallows are secondary cavity nesters, found in a number of habitats including deciduous and coniferous forests. In addition to nesting in tree holes within these habitats, they are also widely observed nesting in the cracks of large cliffs. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 7.81544 EDGE Score: 2.17651 |
Adult Weight [1] | 14 grams | Birth Weight [3] | 2 grams |  | Breeding Habitat [2] | Temperate western forests, Mexican pine-oak forests, Desert scrub, Pine forests | Wintering Geography [2] | Pacific Lowlands | Wintering Habitat [2] | Generalist |  | Diet [4] | Carnivore (Invertebrates) | Diet - Invertibrates [4] | 100 % | Forages - Aerial [4] | 20 % | Forages - Canopy [4] | 20 % | Forages - Mid-High [4] | 20 % | Forages - Understory [4] | 20 % | Forages - Ground [4] | 20 % |  | Clutch Size [5] | 5 | Clutches / Year [3] | 1 | Fledging [1] | 24 days | Global Population (2017 est.) [2] | 8,500,000 | Incubation [3] | 14 days | Maximum Longevity [3] | 7 years | Migration [6] | Intercontinental | Wing Span [7] | 11 inches (.271 m) |  | Female Maturity [1] | 0 years 12 months |
|
Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Alaska Peninsula montane taiga |
United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Alberta Mountain forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Arizona Mountains forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Baja California desert |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Bajío dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Balsas dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Beringia lowland tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Beringia upland tundra |
United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Blue Mountains forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
British Columbia mainland coastal forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
California Central Valley grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
California coastal sage and chaparral |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
California interior chaparral and woodlands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
California montane chaparral and woodlands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
Cascade Mountains leeward forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American montane forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American pine-oak forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central and Southern Cascades forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central British Columbia Mountain forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central Mexican matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central Pacific coastal forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chiapas Depression dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chiapas montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chihuahuan desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Chimalapas montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Colorado Plateau shrublands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Colorado Rockies forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cook Inlet taiga |
United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Copper Plateau taiga |
United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Cascades forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Fraser Plateau and Basin complex |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin montane forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Gulf of California xeric scrub |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Jalisco dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Klamath-Siskiyou forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Meseta Central matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Mojave desert |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Muskwa-Slave Lake forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
North Central Rockies forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northern California coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northern Cordillera forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Northern mixed grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northern Pacific coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northern short grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northern transitional alpine forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Oaxacan montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Okanagan dry forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Tundra |
|
|
|
|
Palouse grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Puget lowland forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Queen Charlotte Islands |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
San Lucan xeric scrub |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de la Laguna dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forest |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Nevada forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sinaloan dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Snake-Columbia shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sonoran desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
South Central Rockies forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Talamancan montane forests |
Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan mezquital |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Tehuacán Valley matorral |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Wasatch and Uinta montane forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Willamette Valley forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Wyoming Basin shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Yukon Interior dry forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
|
|
|
|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Aleutian Islands Biosphere Reserve |
|
2720489 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Rio Colorado Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
2320468 |
Sonora, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, CA |
III |
184543 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Arches National Park |
II |
76539 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge |
Ib |
12402936 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Badlands National Park |
II |
178535 |
South Dakota, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bandelier National Monument |
V |
8107 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Banff National Park |
II |
1690912 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Beaver Creek Biosphere Reserve |
|
275028 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Bend Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
815561 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Morongo Canyon Preserve Area of Critical Environmental Concern |
V |
3906 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
36286 |
Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park |
II |
12551 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bryce Canyon National Park |
II |
36348 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve |
|
153447 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Canyonlands National Park |
II |
335430 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Capital Reef National Park |
II |
243722 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carlsbad Caverns National Park |
II |
15448 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carrizo Plain Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7550 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cascade Head Biosphere Reserve |
|
17423 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cedar Breaks National Monument |
III |
6111 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Central Plains Biosphere Reserve |
|
15345 |
United States |
|
|
|
|
Chaco Culture National Historical Park |
V |
34277 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Channel Islands National Park |
II |
139010 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Coachella Valley Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
8106 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Colorado National Monument |
III |
20420 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Coronado National Monument National Memorial |
III |
4360 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Crater Lake National Park |
II |
180091 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Craters of the Moon National Monument |
V |
690996 |
Idaho, United States |
|
|
|
|
Creighton Ranch Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
3275 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Curecanti National Recreation Area |
V |
31032 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Death Valley National Park |
II |
762125 |
California, Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Denali Biosphere Reserve |
|
1932364 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dinosaur National Monument |
III |
203307 |
Colorado, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dye Creek Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
38152 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
El Malpais National Monument |
III |
109980 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fossil Butte National Monument |
III |
8423 |
Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gates of the Arctic National Park |
Ib |
184461 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve |
Ib |
591068 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Glacier National Park |
II |
953799 |
Montana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
1087901 |
Arizona, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Golden Gate National Recreation Area |
V |
26135 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Grand Canyon National Park |
II |
1210128 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Grand Teton National Park |
II |
231724 |
Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Grasslands National Park |
II |
128635 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Gray Lodge State Wildlife Area State Wildlife Management Area |
IV |
8471 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin National Park |
II |
77367 |
Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Guadalupe Mountains National Park |
II |
46114 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve |
II |
366714 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
H.J. Andrews Biosphere Reserve |
|
15815 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Heath and Marjorie Angelo Coast Range Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7008 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ivvavik National Park |
II |
2382752 |
Yukon, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Jasper National Park |
II |
2776809 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Jornada Biosphere Reserve |
Ib |
30913 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Joshua Tree National Park |
II |
305076 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Kluane National Park and Reserve National Park Reserve |
II |
5463436 |
Yukon, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Kootenay National Park |
II |
341762 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
La Amistad International Park National Park |
II |
541617 |
Panama, Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Lake Chelan National Recreation Area |
II |
606367 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area |
V |
103172 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lassen Volcanic National Park |
II |
29388 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lava Beds National Monument |
III |
20002 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mesa Verde National Park |
II |
40098 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve |
|
5901 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Montecristo National Park |
IV |
9237 |
El Salvador |
|
|
|
|
Mount Rainier National Park |
II |
235186 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mount Tamalpais State Park |
|
6365 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Nahanni National Park Reserve |
II |
1309627 |
Northwest Territories, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Natural Bridges National Monument |
III |
7412 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Nipomo Dunes Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
3725 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Noatak Biosphere Reserve |
|
7500143 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Olympic Biosphere Reserve |
II |
922805 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Organ Pipe Cactus Biosphere Reserve |
|
327376 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Pacific Rim National Park Reserve |
II |
137900 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional de Sierra San Pedro Martir National Park |
II |
180607 |
Baja California, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Pecos National Historical Park |
V |
6539 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Petrified Forest National Park |
II |
44522 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center |
|
6101 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Point Reyes National Seashore |
II |
27068 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Redwood National Park |
II |
77867 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de Mapimi Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
849819 |
Chihuahua, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
6176727 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
239938 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Saguaro National Park |
II |
11686 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Dimas Biosphere Reserve |
|
17161 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Joaquin Biosphere Reserve |
|
4527 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Santa Cruz Island Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
|
46021 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area |
V |
38440 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve |
II |
172261 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sevilleta LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
IV |
228335 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Walnut Canyon National Monument |
V |
3386 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Waterton Biosphere Reserve |
II |
121459 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
White Sands National Monument |
III |
139922 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Wind Cave National Park |
II |
29471 |
South Dakota, United States |
|
|
|
|
Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve |
Ib |
2476446 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Wupatki National Monument |
III |
36098 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yellowstone Biosphere Reserve |
II |
2196863 |
Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yoho National Park |
II |
317576 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Yosemite National Park |
II |
95209 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Zion National Park |
II |
135667 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
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 Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018. ♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 5Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 6Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 7The turning- and linear-maneuvering performance of birds: the cost of efficiency for coursing insectivores, Douglas R. Warrick, Can. J. Zool. 76: 1063–1079 (1998) ♦ 8Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 9International Flea DatabaseEcoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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