Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Procellariiformes > Procellariidae > Fulmarus > Fulmarus glacialis

Fulmarus glacialis (Northern Fulmar)

Synonyms: Procellaria glacialis (homotypic)
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), fulmar, or Arctic fulmar is a highly abundant sea bird found primarily in subarctic regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. There has been one confirmed sighting in the Southern Hemisphere, with a single bird seen south of New Zealand. Fulmars come in one of two color morphs: a light one, with white head and body and gray wings and tail, and a dark one which is uniformly gray. Though similar in appearance to gulls, fulmars are in fact members of the Procellariidae family, which include petrels and shearwaters.
View Wikipedia Record: Fulmarus glacialis

Infraspecies

Fulmarus glacialis auduboni
Fulmarus glacialis glacialis (Northern fulmar)
Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii (Northern fulmar)

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
6
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
28
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 12.5502
EDGE Score: 2.6064
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [4]  1
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Egg Length [6]  2.913 inches (74 mm)
Egg Width [6]  2.008 inches (51 mm)
Fledging [6]  52 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [3]  14,000,000
Incubation [4]  55 days
Mating System [8]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [4]  51 years
Migration [1]  Intercontinental
Nocturnal [1]  Yes
Water Biome [1]  Coastal
Wing Span [9]  3.51 feet (1.07 m)
Adult Weight [2]  1.753 lbs (795 g)
Birth Weight [4]  65 grams
Female Weight [7]  1.272 lbs (577 g)
Male Weight [7]  1.431 lbs (649 g)
Weight Dimorphism [7]  12.5 %
Breeding Habitat [3]  Coastal cliffs and islands, Coastal marine
Wintering Geography [3]  Widespread Oceans
Wintering Habitat [3]  Pelagic
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Fish [5]  60 %
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  40 %
Forages - Water Surface [5]  80 %
Forages - Underwater [5]  20 %
Female Maturity [4]  6 years
Male Maturity [4]  6 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Important Bird Areas

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Balaenoptera physalus (Fin Whale)[10]
Falco rusticolus (Gyrfalcon)[15]
Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle)[10]
Orcinus orca (Killer Whale)[10]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 7Hatch, SA, Nettleship, DN, 1998. Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis). In: Poole, A., Gill, F. (Eds.), The Birds of North America, No. 361. The Birds of North America Inc., Philadelphia, PA
♦ 8Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 9British Trust for Ornithology
♦ 10Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 11An estimate of summer food consumption of six seabird species in Iceland, K. Lilliendahl and J. Solmundsson, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54: 624–630. 1997
♦ 12Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Ecological Informatics 29(1): 45-56. Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Data from: Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Dryad Digital Repository.
♦ 13Feeding Spectrum and Trophic Relationships of Short-finned Squid (Illex illecebrosus) in the Northwest Atlantic, Yu. M. Froerman, NAFO Sci. Coun. Studies, 7: 67-75 (1984)
♦ 14Seabird distribution, abundance and diets in the eastern and central Aleutian Islands, J. JAHNCKE, K. O. COYLE AND GEORGE L. HUNT, JR, Fish. Oceanogr. 14 (Suppl. 1), 160–177, 2005
♦ 15POTAPOV, E. 2011. Gyrfalcon diet: Spatial and temporal variation In R. T. Watson, T. J. Cade, M. Fuller, G. Hunt, and E. Potapov (Eds.). Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World. The Peregrine Fund, Boise, Idaho, USA
♦ 16International Flea Database
♦ 17Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0